Ukuchaza Isikhumba Sokuvula Ngokwezinsuku

Ukusebenza Kwesensori Yesikhathi Sokugqibela: I-Hall Effect nase-Inductive Technologies

Izisensori ze-Hall Effect: Ukuvumela Kwesithembiso, Ukubhekana Nokungafani Kwe-EMI, Nemicabango Yokuqondwa Kwesikhathi Sokugqibela Ngokwesifundo

Izisensor zesikhathi se-Hall zisebenza ngokuthi zithula izisignal eziningi zeziklasi zezigaba zokubhala ngesikhathi isibhakabhaka sesifunda sisekuya ngaphakathi kwezinhlobo zemvelo, okuzosika ukuguqula kwe-voltage. Lezi zisensor zinabantu abaningi ngaphezu kwezinye ezingenani ngokuthi ziyasibambisana ngokuphelele kuzonke izinhlobo zezinguquko zezindawo, zinikela ukuphelele kwezinkulungwane ngaphezu kwezihlanu ngokugcina kwesikhathi esingaphansi kwezindawo zokusebenza komotori. Lokho kufanele kubhekwe ngokukhulu kubantu abaningi njengezikhathi zokuhamba kokunyusa, izinhlobo zokuvalela nokuvalela, nokubeka imithambo yokuqhubeka yokubhala ngokuphelele. Isidingo esinye kuyi-constructive zazo zokubhala ngokuphelele okwenza ukuthi zibe yizinhlobo zokukhathazeka kwezinhlobo zezimvelo zokukhathazeka njengezinhlobo zokubhala nokubhala, futhi kukhona inkululeko encane yokuba kunezinkinga zokubhala kulezi zindawo zokusebenza zomotori. Izingxenye eziningi zinakwenzela izinhlobo zokusebenza ezihlukahlukene kusukela ku-minus 40 degrees Celsius kuze kube nezinhlobo zokusebenza zokubhala ku-150 degrees, ziqondisa izinhlobo zokusebenza nokuphelele kwezinhlobo zokusebenza zomotori zasezinsukwini. Ngokwesicabango se-SAE International ngo-2023, izinhlobo eziningi zokubhala zokuvalela kwezinhlobo zokuvalela zokubhala zizibhala ngokuphelele kwezinhlobo zokubhala zokuvalela kwezinhlobo zokuvalela, ngokuvalela kwezinhlobo zokuvalela kwezinhlobo zokuvalela kwezinhlobo zokuvalela kwezinhlobo zokuvalela kwezinhlobo zokuvalela kwezinhlobo zokuvalela kwezinhlobo zokuvalela kwezinhlobo zokuvalela kwezinhlobo zokuvalela kwezinhlobo zokuvalela kwezinhlobo zokuvalela kwezinhlobo zokuvalela kwezinhlobo zokuvalela kwezinhlobo zokuvalela kwezinhlobo zokuvalela kwezinhlobo zokuvalela kwezinhlobo zokuvalela kwezinhlobo zokuvalela kwezinhlobo zokuvalela kwezinhlobo zokuvalela kwezinhlobo zokuvalela kwezinhlobo zokuvalela kwezinhlobo zokuvalela kwezinhlobo zokuvalela kwezinhlobo zokuvalela kwezinhlobo zokuvalela kwezinhlobo zokuvalela kwezinhlobo zokuvalela kwezinhlobo zokuvalela kwezinhlobo zokuvalela kwezinhlobo zokuvalela kwezinhlobo zokuvalela kwezinhlobo zokuvalela kwezinhlobo zokuvalela kwezinhlobo zokuvalela kwezinhlobo zokuvalela kwezinhlobo zokuvalela kwezinhlobo zokuvalela kwezinhlobo zokuvalela kwezinhlobo zokuvalela kwezinhlobo zokuvalela kwezinhlobo zokuvalela kwezinhlobo zokuvalela kwezinhlobo zokuvalela kwezinhlobo zokuvalela kwezinhlobo zokuvalela......

Izinhlobo Zokuthola Ngokuthi: Isiphumo Sokuthola Ngokuthi, Ukunciphisa Imali, Nokugcina Kukhona Kweminye Imithwalo Yezindaba Zokuthola Ngokuthi

Uhlobo lwe-induction sensing crankshaft, olwaziwa nangokuthi i-variable reluctance, lusebenza ngokusebenzisa izimiso zokungeniswa kwe-electromagnetic. Ngokuyinhloko, kunomthwebuli wamagnetic ongapheli kanye nesiphenduli ngaphakathi kwalezi zinzwa esikhiqiza i-AC voltage lapho amazinyo ensimbi ase-crankshaft edlula futhi ephazamisa insimu yamagnetic. Njengoba ijubane lenjini likhuphuka, isimo samaza esikhiqizwayo siba sikhulu futhi sisheshe. Kodwa izinkinga ziqala ukubonakala ngejubane eliphansi ngaphansi kuka-200 RPM lapho isignali iba buthakathaka ngempela, bese iphinda ivele ngaphezu kuka-6000 RPM lapho isignali iba nzima ukuyifunda. Lezi zinzwa zikhipha izimpawu ezingahlosiwe ze-analog ngaphandle kwesimiso sangaphakathi sokuziqinisa noma sokuzihlanza, okuzenza zibe nomuzwa omkhulu wokuphazanyiswa yi-electromagnetic. Lokho kubi kakhulu eduze kwezingxenye zokuvutha lapho isikhathi singahamba khona ngama-degree angaphezu kuka-3 ngokusho kwamazinga e-SAE asuka ngonyaka odlule. Naphezu kokuba izingxenye eziqinile futhi ezingabizi, abakhiqizi abaningi bazisebenzisa kuphela ezimotweni ezindala, ezimodeleni ezishibhile, noma ezimweni ezikhethekile lapho ukunemba kungeyona into ebalulekile khona nomsindo kagesi awuyona inkinga enkulu.

Amaphenomena Okufa Kwemiphumela Yokuvikela Nokuthinta Kwe-Engine System Yekhankshaft Sensor Ekhuluma

Kusukela Kukhupha Kuya Kungakwazi Ukusuka: Ukubhalwa Kwesikhathi Sokugqibela Ngamapattern Amanje Akudala

Xa isenzakalo sesikhombisa isikhombisa sesikhombisa, sibeka imisebenzi yomthwalo wokubhala ukuthi kungafani nokuthi kufanele kwenzeke ukuthi kuhlanganise ukuthi kuthathelwa isiliva nesikhombisa sokugqibela, okubangela izinkinga zokubhala okubonakala okuzoba kunciphisa ngokuphambuka kwesikhathi. Izinyathelo zokuvumela kuqala ziyagcina ukuthi umoto uhlupheka ngokushesha xa uyaphakama noma uyaphakama ngokushesha xa ushaya. Uma isikhombisa siyisithola kabusha isignal yakho, izihlombe eziningi aza kusobala kahle. Okubona manje kuyizikhathi ezingavumelekile. Izifundo zokuphatha emhlabeni zikubonisa ukuthi izinkampani ziyakhula ngemvume yezindlingo zezinkampani ngemvume yezindlingo zezinkampani ngemvume yezindlingo zezinkampani ngemvume yezindlingo zezinkampani ngemvume yezindlingo zezinkampani ngemvume yezindlingo zezinkampani ngemvume yezindlingo zezinkampani ngemvume yezindlingo zezinkampani ngemvume yezindlingo zezinkampani ngemvume yezindlingo zezinkampani ngemvume yezindlingo zezinkampani ngemvume yezindlingo zezinkampani ngemvume yezindlingo zezinkampani ngemvume yezindlingo zezinkampani ngemvume yezindlingo zezinkampani ngemvume yezindlingo zezinkampani ngemvume yezindlingo zezinkampani ngemvume yezindlingo zezinkampani ngemvume yezindlingo zezinkampani ngemvume yezindlingo zezinkampani ngemvume yezindlingo zezinkampani ngemvume yezindlingo zezinkampani ngemvume yezindlingo zezinkampani ngemvume yezindlingo zezinkampani ngemvume yezindlingo zezinkampani ngemvume yezindlingo zezinkampani ngemvume yezindlingo zezinkampani ngemvume yezindlingo zezinkampani ngemvume yezindlingo zezinkampani ngemvume yezindlingo zezinkampani ngemvume yezindlingo zezinkampani ngemvume yezindlingo zezinkampani ngemvume yezindlingo zezinkampani ngemvume yezindlingo zezinkampani ngemvume yezindlingo zez......

Ukuchaza kwe-Code P0335: Ukubiliqwa phakathi kwe-Signal Loss, Ukukhishwa Kwesikhathi Sokuphula (3.2°), nokungafaneleka kwe-Fuel Trim

Ikhowudi ye-P0335 iyasho imiphumela yezinkinga zocingo lwe-crankshaft position sensor. Izinkinga eziphakathi kuzo ziyinkimbinkimbi zokubhala okungavumelekileyo (open) noma zokubhala okungavumelekileyo ngokuphelele (shorted), isikhala esikhulu kakhulu phakathi kwamadoda (excessive air gap), noma uma isensha yena iphuma ngendlela engavumelekileyo. Uma kunezinkinga zocingo ozinakho ngaphezu kwe-200 milliseconds, ukuthembeka kwe-ignition kushintsha ngaphezu kwe-3.2 degrees, okungabikho kuleli xabiso lelizwe elitholakala ngokuvumelekileyo kubazalwana bezimoto bamanje abasebenzisa i-direct injection engines. Lokhu kwenza ukuthi kubhekwe ngokulandela kwezinkinga zokukhokha kwezinto ezibhalwe, apho izindleko zemoto zingathola ukuthi zihambisane ngaphezu kwe-15 percent ngokuphakama noma ngokuvula njengoba ikhompyutha ibhala ngokubhala kwezinkinga zocingo lwemoto. Abamekhinekhi bakhona lokhu kahle kakhulu—ngokuvamile, ngaphezu kwe-72% yezinkinga zokuthi i-P0335 zilayishwa ngokuvamile zibonisa lezi zinkinga zokuthi izindleko zemoto zihambisane ngokuphakama noma ngokuvula (lean/rich fluctuations) futhi nezinkinga zokuthembeka, okuyisibonelo sokuthi kubhekwa ngokuvamile kwezinkinga zokuthembeka kwe-catalytic converters. Uma lezi zinkinga ziqhubeka ngaphansi kwezinsuku eziningi, izimoto zingaba zihamba ngendlela engeyona yabo (limp mode), okubonisa ukuthi lokhu sensha kuyisiphiqo esikhulu kakhulu ukuze kuhlanganise konke okusebenza ngokuvamile kwezinye zezinhlobo zemoto ngokubhalwa kwezindaba zasezwe ku-Foxwell ngo-2025.

Izinqumo Zokuphatha Kakhulu: Ukuphepha, Ukuphatha Kakhulu Kweminye Imithombo, Namaphuzu Okusebenza Okuhambisana Nokusebenza

Ukuphepha Kwemilinganiso Yokuqonda (±0.5°) Ngokubhekisele Kwezinkampani Zokungena Ngokushesha Nemithombo Yokuqhubeka

Ukufumana ukulinganisa kwezinkulungwane ngokupheleleyo ngemilinganiselo yezinkulungwane ezingama-0.5 ayikho kuphela ukuthi kuyinto ekhuluma ngokuhle kubantu abasebenzisa ukungena kwesibonelo noma amashini ayesikhathi esikhulu, kodwa kuyinto eqinileyo. Uma isikhathi sishaya isikhundla sakho ngaphezu kwalokho, izinto zizoba zihlukene kusho kakhulu. Ukuphakanyiswa kuzoba kusethwe phansi, amasithili ashiywa kungafani uma ubunzima bezilayili kufika ekupheleni kwakho, amashini ayesikhathi esikhulu ayenza ukuthi isikhathi sesiphambano siyophakanyiswa, futhi okubi kakhulu kukuba kubona izindlela zokuphakanyiswa phambi kokuzalwa okuyizinkinga ezinconywa kakhulu ekuthinteni umoto. Izingxenye zokuphakanyiswa zifanele ukuba zilungele kahle ukuthi ziyahlala ngamandla angu-0.1 milliseconds ngaphakathi kwezinyathelo ezincinci nakuba ubunzima bezokuphakanyiswa buphakanyiswa kakhulu ngaphezu kwezinkulungwane ezingama-2500 psi ngaphakathi kwemilayili. Ukuzivisisha ngamazwe akhethekile kubonisa ukuthi amashini asebenza ngaphandle kwezinkulungwane zezinkulungwane ezingama-0.7 zihlala zihlukanisa amandla angu-17% futhi zihlukanisa ukuthi izikhumba zepistoni nezilayili ziyahluka kakhulu. Abalawuli bamacine abaningi manje bayabeka lezi zinkulungwane ngokupheleleyo kuzo zonke izinkulungwane zezinkulungwane ngokupheleleyo kuzo zonke izinkulungwane ezisebenza ngokuphakanyiswa kwezinye izinhlobo, okuyinto eyodwa ngokuthi kuyisidingo sokudala kwezinkulungwane futhi ukuthi kuyisidingo sokuphatha izinhlobo zezinkulungwane zezinkulungwane zezinkulungwane zezinkulungwane zezinkulungwane zezinkulungwane zezinkulungwane zezinkulungwane zezinkulungwane zezinkulungwane zezinkulungwane zezinkulungwane zezinkulungwane zezinkulungwane zezinkulungwane zezinkulungwane zezinkulungwane zezinkulungwane zezinkulungwane zezinkulungwane zezinkulungwane zezinkulungwane zezinkulungwane zezinkulungwane zezinkulungwane zezinkulungwane zezinkulungwane zezinkulungwane zezinkulungwane zezinkulungwane zezinkulungwane zezinkulungwane zezinkulungwane zezinkulungwane zezinkulungwane zezinkulungwane zezinkulungwane zezinkulungwane zezinkulungwane zezinkulungwane zezinkulungwane zezinkulungwane zezinkulungwane zezinkulungwane zezinkulungwane zezinkulungwane zezinkulungwane zezinkulungwane zezinkulungwane zezinkulungwane zezinkulungwane zezinkulungwane zezinkulungwane zezinkulungwane zezinkulungwane zezinkulungwane zezinkulungwane zezinkulungwane zezinkulungwane zezinkulungwane zezinkulungwane zezinkulungwane zezinkulungwane zezinkulungwane zezinkulungwane zezinkulungwane zezinkulungwane zezinkulungwane zezinkulungwane zezinkulungwane zezinkulungwane zezinkulungwane zezinkulung......

Ukuqinisa Imiphumela Yendawo Yokuqala: Ukuchukumuka, Ukuguqula Kwesikhathi (40°C ku-150°C), kanye ne-EMI kuzindawo Zokufaka Ngaphakathi

Isensọ ya-cranksaft iyaphakama nezimo eziphakeme kakhulu zokusebenza ngemithombo yezinkampani zamabhasi. Lezi ziqembu zidinga izinto ezikhazimulayo nezilungile ukuthinteka kwemvelo yezinhlelo zokubhekisa emkhosini ukuze zisebenze kahle. Ngokwesifundo sase-Industry Standard SAE J2380, lezi sensọ zidinga ukuthola imiphumela eqingqiwe ngokuphakeme kwe-30G ngokungafani nokuqinisa ubuchwepheshe bokushaya, okuyisibonelo sokuzimela izivuthi zokugcina isikhathi eside phakathi kwezindawo eziphakeme. Uma kufundwa ngokulinganisa kwezintemperatura eziphakeme, lezi sensọ zisebenza kusukela ekugcineni kwemoto emva kokuhlala kwe-40 degrees Celsius kusukela kumaqondo amahle ase-exhaust aphakeme kwe-150 degrees Celsius. Izikhombisi zangaphakathi ziyagcinwa ngokwesilicone ukuze zikhubuke umphumela wokuphakama kwezintemperatura ngokusheshayo kune-190 degrees ngomzuzu. Ukugcina kwezindawo kuyisibonelo sokuthi lezi sensọ zihlala kude nezinto ezingavuthi kakhulu zezinhlelo zokubhekisa njenge-alternators ne-ignition coils. Lokho ke uyisibonelo sokuthi abasika bazimele ngamathathu amakhanda okuhlinzekwa ukuze bakhubuke ukuthinteka kwemvelo yezinhlelo zokubhekisa kwe-200 volts per meter. Ukuzimela kwezinye iziqu zibonisa ukuthi izensọ ezingenakwihlinzekwa kuyadlula ngokusheshayo kwe-8 amaxesha kwezinkampani zezinhlelo zokubhekisa ezihlanganisiwe, ngokuphakeme kwezinhlelo zokubhekisa zokuvutha kwe-regenerative braking ezenza izivuthi zokubhekisa ezisheshayo eziningi okungakwazi ukuzimela ngokujwayelekile.

Iziquketho zesikhundla sokubaluleka:

Izindlela Zokufaka Kuhle Nokwahlukanisa Ukugcina Ukusebenza Kwesensimbi Yokukhanya Kwesikrani

Ukuthi isenzakalo sesensorka yesikhombisa sesikhele sibuyela kakhulu kusukela kumfanekiso wakho. Qiniseka ukuthi uqonde amasimo asebenzisi ngokuphelele xa uyasetsha umkhawulo wokuhlanganisa phakathi kwe-0.5 kanye ne-1.5 mm futhi uyonciphise amabholthi ngaphakathi kwe-8 kanye ne-10 Newton meters. Uma amabholthi ayisikhala kakhulu, izivuthi zizocimba izindlela zokufunda ngokuphakeme. Kodwa uma ubhola kakhulu, isikhombisa sokubhola singathwasa noma isikhombisa sokuzihlukanisa singathwasa, okubangela ukuthi kubhekwe ngokungafanele, okubangela izinyathelo eziningi zezinyathelo ezingavumelekile. Xa usebenzisa izensorka zesikhombisa se-Hall-effect ngokugcwele, qiniseka ukuthi amakheli wezimali azifihlele kusuka kwezimali zokuvula nokuthutha kanye nezimali zokudonsa ngoba ukuthwasa kwemvelo kwenza izinto zingavumelekile kakhulu. Ungamthinti ukuthi ushale amakheli ngokuphelele. Umfula nesilinganiso sezinsuku sibonakalisa amakheli angashayelwe ngokushesha kakhulu. Yizinye zezinyathelo ezinkulu zokubona yonke imithombo yezikhombisa xa uyashintsha izinto. Inani elikhulu lezinyathelo ezincane ziyagcina kusukela kwezinhlobo zezinhlobo zezinhlobo zokushayela noma izindawo zokuxhumana ezinomthwasa ngokwesibonelo esikhona esibonisa ukuthi inani lezinyathelo liyisikhombisa-37%. Uma konke kubuyela kusukela, zama ukubona ukusebenza kwezikhombisa ngokusebenzisa isikhombisa sokubona ukuthi kubonakala izinhlobo zezinhlobo. Bona ukuthi isignali ibonakala kakhulu noma ibonakala ngokuphelele kuzo zonke izinhlobo zezinhlobo zokusebenza kabefore ukubuyela konke kusukela.

Imibuzo Evame Ukubuzwa

Ubukhulu bekuphela kwezindlela zokuzisiza zokugcina i-crankshaft zama-Hall ngaphezulu kwemizindlela yokuqonda?

Izindlela zokuzisiza zokugcina i-crankshaft zama-Hall ziyasebenzisa ngokuphelele ukuthi ziyinombolo yokubhalwa nesiphumo esifanayo kuphansi kwemikhala yezibalo zezibalo zokuguqula, okuyisisekelo sokukhuseleka kwemoto yamadwera apho ukuthi isikhathi sifanele.

Kungani izindlela zokuzisiza zokuguqula zingabonakala kakhulu ema-RPM amaningi nasezincane?

Izindlela zokuzisiza zokuguqula zihlala ziyazisa izimpendulo ezingaphansi ema-RPM amancane futhi zihlala ziyagcina ukuba zingavumelekile ema-RPM amaningi, okuvame ukuthi kungabonakala kakhulu kumasevisi okufanele ukuthi isikhathi siyafanele ngokuphelele ngaphezulu kwezindlela zama-Hall.

Ziyiziphi izithakatha ezihlanjwayo zenesenseka ephindelayo ye-crankshaft?

Amasignali amashumi ayisithupha ayizindlela zokuzisiza zokugcina i-crankshaft, kubonakala ukuthi imoto iyahlala, iyathwasa, nokunakwa ukuthi ingabulali, okuhambisana nomthwalo wokuzisiza ukuthi ubulungu bokudlisa umsila wokudlisa nezinkampani zokudlisa.

Ukuthi i-P0335 ikhoda iphinde isithupha kusishilo sezindlela zokuzisiza zokugcina i-crankshaft?

Ikhoda ye-P0335 liyasho ukuthi kukhona indawo yokuhlukahluka kwesikhombiso sezindlela zokuzisiza zokugcina i-crankshaft, okungaba yindawo yokuhlukahluka kwezikhathi nesikhombiso esingavumelekile sokudlisa, okuyikhipha ukuthi imoto ayisebenzi kahle.