Kanjani Amashinelwane Auto Asaphaza Ukuphumula

Ukunciphisa Ipelo Yabantu Ngokusebenzisa I-Sensors Zomlayezo

Ukubona ukuthi izikhungo zomlayezo zihlenza kanjani ukunciphisa ukugcinezela kwe-driver nokugcina

Izikhungo zomlayezo zezimoto ngamanje zilondoloza okuqukethwe yizimboni ngokusebenzisa teknoloji ye-infrared yesibhedlela kanye ne-analysis yokuthi umlayezo uyishaya kanjani imoto. Uma isistemu inquma into ethintekayo noma amathuba ekugcinwa njengoko uma imoto iqala ukudonsa phakathi kwezindlela noma uma izibhedlela zomuntu zivalelwe kude kakhulu, izoba yenza umbhali noma ihluphe isihlwe kohlobo. Ngokwemithombo engu-NTSB ephindwe ku-2023, le ndaba engeyiyo iyanciphisa izigulane ezakhiwe ngokugcina ngokuphindaphinde kabili kumazipha amakhulu. Uma imitho ihlenza ukwatcha izinkinga ngendlela eyenziwa ngokuzenzakalelayo, abasebenzisi bangadingi ukufikliza kakhulu ngalo lonke into ebekhona ngaphandle kwabo. Lokhu kuvula ubuso bakho ukuze ubeke ubuso bakho kizinto ezinkulu njengekukhankanya izindlela ezilungile kangcono noma ukubona izinkinga ezinokuthutha ngaphambilini ngaphambi kokuba zibe yizinkinga ezinkulu.

Ukunxulumanisa idatha ngexesha elilodwa ngesandla sokulondoloza

Izinhlelo zomkhuba wesilimi esihlukene zinakeka kunezinkinga ezingu-1,000 zonke indimana. Zabelana nokuthi izivikeli ziwuphi ukungaphezu kwesinye, lapho izinto zihambe, futhi noma kungakanani okubhekene nokugaya kwindawo yesibhedlela. Lokhu kusho yini ngokwemithetho? Kanti, lezi zinhlelo zingasimama emehlweni ngaphezu kwezikhathi ezingu-200. Lokhu kungcolana kakhulu kunesikhathi esingu-12 singakwenzeka abantu abaningi baphendula njengalokho kumele kuhlala kungcono kakhulu emhlabeni ngasebenzisa imvume yezinhlelo zezimali ezenziwa nguSociety of Automotive Engineers ngo-2023. Fakela izibalo ezihle njengejikelezo eliqondile. Lezi ziphazamiso ezintsha zazingena phakathi kwezindlela izivikeli ziyashunxaka futhi imininingwane ye-GPS. Ngaleso sikhathi, ziqala ukusabela phambi kwesahluko ngaphezu kwezikhathi ezingu-0.5 kungenjalo kumele kwenzeke ngendlela ethile. Izinhloso ezithile ziqinisekisa ukuthi lo tekinoloji inakekela ukuncipha kakhulu iziphazamiso ezihlukumelela ekuseni lapho izivikeli zihlupha isibhedlela ngaphezu kwezinguqu.

Isibonelo: Ukuncipha kwezihluku zasemva ngokuthi kusabela izinhloso ngokushesha

Ukuhlaziywa kwama-2023 kwezinhlinzeko ezingu-500,000 kubonise ukuthi izivukela ezinamathuba okuhlelekisa izihluku zazikhipha izihluku zesiphambano esingu-45% emuva kuzo zonke izivukela ezingenazo (Institutu Yenkululeko Yendawo Yokuhlaba). Isistimu esine-radar-nocamera sibona ukuphansi kakhulu kwezivukela ephambi futhi kusabela izimemo ezingu-1.2 ngesekondi ngaphambi kwezilingo zomuntu.

Ukuhlaziywa Kwezinkinga: Ukusebenzisa kakhulu amasensi auto kanye nokungabi khona kokugcina isimo yomkululi

Ukufunda kwe-sensor kuyakunceda ngokushesha ekulondololeni emhlabathini, kodwa kukhona impondombilo yobubelela kakhulu kumasebe amagaka. Ngokwesivikeli esenzelwe ngoPallandela, abadlali abangama-30 kuqala ukusebenzisa iziphiwo zabo zocingo xa bazulazula phansi kwegolide. Futhi i-Stanford yenza imizamo ethile. Bayekhuthazile abantu abasemthethweni wokulungiselela umugqa baphume nge-20% ngokushesha uma isistemu siphuma ngaphandle kokusobala. Leli qiniso libonakala kakhulu kuthi kudinga ukuthi siqonde okukhishwe ngaleso sikhathi. Kufanele sicaphunele ukuthi kube ngamathuluzi akhuphake umkululi ngendlela engavaleki konke ukubheka nokuhlola kwakhe.

Amatekhenoloji E-Sensor Abasebenzi Ekususweni Kwesikhathi (ADAS)

Ukudibaniswa Kwe-Sensor Yomshini KuMfundo We-ADAS Ukulondolozela Ngaphambilini

Izinhlelo zokuxhumana kwezimali eziphuculiweyo ezintsha zisebenzisa kakhulu izinhlelo ezihlakaniphileyo zezixwayiso ezibambisana nge-radar, teknoloji ye-LiDAR, nezixwayiso ezincane zomkhawulo. Lonke lo msebenzi uqhathanisa ukunakekela kwesimo esigcweleyo ngokwesikhathi esifanayo. Lo xwayiso ubekwa ku-processor eyodwa engaqhubeka ngaphezu kwezinkomba ezithuthukuthu eziyishumi namashumi ayisithupha ngesekhondi. Lokhu kuvumela izici njengekuqeda kancane ekugcineni isandla uma kudingeka kangcono, futhi kunciphisa amava okuthi umoto ungahamba ngaphandle kwebhola ngendlela engafanelekileyo. Umlando wasekuhlaleni kusuku lokuqala kwe-2025 uwubonisa into ethandekayo futhi – ukudibanisa kwezixwayiso kuncipha izaziso ezingavamile ngamathupha amabili kusuka emsulusweni ngaphakathi kwezixwayiso ezenza umsebenzi ngokwalo.

Ukungcoliswa kwe-ADAS kulesafety yebhola ngemiphumela yohlelo lokuhamba

ADAS ihlanza kuzimelwano zolwandle ngokulungisa izixhobo ngendlela eyahlukileyo. Izihlwehlwezi ezithandabuzayo ziziphinde zilungise amalambu nomdiko wokuhlaba, ngelishwa iradharhi ebekwe ngomfuyo iyagcina izaziso zeziphumo ku 150-metri yokubona. Iintsontso zibonisa ukuthi izivikelo ezenziwe ngokusebenzisa i-ADAS zibonakala ukuba zinezikhathi eziphansi kakhulu (38%) zokuhlaba emanzini aphaphazwayo ngokubalwa kwizikhathi eziphambi kokuqhuba.

Indawo Yedatha: Ukuhlawulwa KukaNHTSA Kuyayiphepha Ngokuphindaphindwe 40% Kwizigidi Njengoba Sebenziswa Khona i-ADAS

Umnqweno waMahluko oPhambili wamathe waseNingizimu Afrika (NHTSA) wethetha ngo-2024 ukuthi izivikelo ezinamathuba apheleleyo asebenzisa i-ADAS ayenzelwa izigidi eziphindwe ngokuphindaphinda 40% kunazo ezinye izivikelo ezingcono. Lokhu kufanana nezinto ezibalweyo ukuthi isistemu sokulungisa ukudlula nokumisa umgodi phakathi kwegama isephephile izigidi ezingu-1.7 yezigidi eziphindwe ngokuphindaphinda ngonyaka emasotsheni.

Izisebenzo Ezibalulekile Zesixhobo: Ukuthintela Ziphumo Nezibophongo Zomkhumbi

Umdlalo Othembekile Wokumisa Nomkhuba Wokugcina Okuphambene

Ukubuyisa kwezimali noma i-AEB ngaphandle kwezinhlelo zokuphepha okuthintana nokubona izindlela eziphazanyayo ngasendaweni yomshini ukuthola izimangalalo ezinokwakhiwa phambi kokuba kuqhubeke. Uma isikhathi sicinga singaba khona ukuthi kuzoshiphakala, kuqala ngokunika umsebenzisi isiphiwo sokuphepha. Kodwa kusobala uma umsebenzisi akuphenduli? Lokhu kusobala uma lezinhlelo zokuphepha zifinyelela futhi ziqhakanqe amabhreki ngempela, okusiza ekukhuliseni ububi bezimangalalo. Amakhulu wamathuba apho izindlu zihlaba zibambelela kudondololo kusobala uma izindlu zihamba ngezansi kwe-50 miles per hour njengoko kuchazwe kwi-IIHS ngo-2023, ngakho ke leli gamo lalikhangelwa kakhulu ekusebenzisweni kwalezi zinhlelo.

Ukugcina indawo engavaleki kuhlelweni olusemthethweni

Ukukhuthazwa kwezindiza kusebenzisa izixhobo zokulinganisa nezixhobo zokulinganisa ukuphakama ukuhlola iindlela ezifundweni nasephambene nomkhumbi. Iinkcukacha evela ngexesha elilinganayo zikuchazela abasebenzisi xa mvinje ingena endaweni engakwazi ukubona ngayo ngenxa yokutshintsha kwicala, ekunciphisa imiganeko yokuqhawuka. Lo teknoloji iyaphela iindawo ezingakwazi ukulinganiswa phambi kwesiqingatha esinefeet-16 yesibini.

Isilumkiso seCalenda Nokusebenza Kwegunya Lekugcina Cala

Ugcino lweCala (LKA) lukhokelela izixhobo zokubuka nezixhobo zokulawula ukuqhuba ukuze lukhangele ukuphuma kwicala ngendlela engavumelekileyo. Kuthatha inxalenye yokulungisa ukuqhuba ukuze kube yinto eqhubekayo kucala, ikusebenza kakuhle xa umphathi uphupha emva kokuqhubeka ngapandle kwayo. Iintsalela zeNHTSA zibonisa ubuncinane be-38% kwiingxaki zomkhumbi wodadewabo xa zombili iwarning kunye nesicwangciso siyisebenza.

Ukususela Kwi-Cruise Eguquguqukayo Ukugcina Iindlela Ezisafika

Ukukhokha Okulandelana Ngenqubo, okanye ACC ngokufuphi, kusebenza ngokudibanisa izikhungo zase-radar ukuze zilondolose indlela ekhethekileyo kusuka kumakhari evimbela ukuthi kubukeke isivinini ngesivinini. Lokhu kunceda kakhulu emehlweni ephikisayo yomkhathi njengoba ukuzimela ukulawula isivinini kakhulu kuyakha amandla okuva emshakeni. Izinguqu ezintsha zika ACC zihamba ezintathini, esebenzisa i-algorithms ezinhle zomthwalo wase-khompyutha ukuze zibuzele kube yini okunconywayo ku-traffic ku-6-8 imizuzu ngaphambi kokuba kuchithe. Lezi zinhlangano ziqhubeka zihlawula konke okuthile okutholakele kuzo zikhungo zabo ukuze kwenzeke lokho.

Ukususa Kwe-Safety Nezindleko Ezincane Ngokuzenzekala Ngezikhungo

Indima Yezikhungo Zokususa Nezithombe Zokubuka Emuva Ekunciphiseni Izindleko Ezingenamandla

Izixhobo zokulinganisa ngokungalingani zingakwazi ukubona izinto ebusika becala ngeyizikhathi ezingu-10, kwaye iikamera zokubuyisela zinceda iidayiri ukubona okuqukethwe kwiindawo eziphazanywayo emva. Xa zisetshenziswa ngokuphindwe, le miqathango inika iincwadi zolalelo kunye neempawu ehlala ukuze abantu baziyo kepha kutheni okuqukayo kwizandla zabo. Iintsabano zibonisa ukuba izimoto ezinobuchwepheshe obuqhelekileyo beziziphinde ziququze izinto ngokukhawuleza ngamaxesha angu-28 ku-30 ngesikhathi esifutshane kumzimba wokudlala. Ubunzima buhlukene kakhulu xa kuzama ukusuka phambi kwezinye iimoto kwaye kuthwalwe kwindawo encinci yesilonga apho ukubona kukunciphisa.

Isahluko: Ukuqala Kukunciphisa Izihlalo Zomzimba Ngama-30%

U-Volkswagen wafaka izikhungo ze-360 degree nezibhakhithi ezisebenza ngokuzenzekalela phansi kwe-6 milile phezulu kwamazinyawo kuwo wonke amandla awo evankeli. Izinombolo zibhala indaba ephakeme futhi izikhangeli zamabhiza zacace ukuba kusuke kube khona uphumano oluncane ngo-30% emasethembeni edolobha eziningi ezingu-2, ikakhulukazi ekhona kakhulu emadolobheni amaningi amadala aphuthumayo lapho isikhala sibi. Lokhu kususa okuthi i-National Highway Traffic Safety Administration ibhala konke okwathi kuthi lezizathu esibalindile sokuphepha kakhulu kungase kususa izindleko zokulungisa ngaproximately nge-$2.7 billion nguye nyaka. Abantu ababili bakhathaza ukuthi abasebenzisi bezothinta kakhulu kutechnology bese bahluleka ukulandela, kodwa ukubuka idatha yomthonyama ibonisa ngqo uthi lezi zinhlelo zihlenza izindawo zokuhlala ngokuphelele uma zisetshenziswa njengesixwayiso kodwa azizange ziphinde ziphumelele ngokugcwele.

Ibusuku beSensore se-Auto: I-AI kanye NeSithazamisekelo sekuQinisekisa Ukunakekela

Ukuthunyelana kwezikhungo eziningi ukwenza izinhlelo eziphambene nokunakekela

Abakhi beliqhobosha basebenzisa i-LiDAR, iradharu, nembobo yekhamara ngokuphathelene kwi-arrays zomkhiqizo okuphathelene ukuze baphatheleke ngcono kwezimo. Lokhu kukhuthaza ukwaziswa kweziphathepo ngemini yesimiso ngendlela yokubhekana kudatha, kuyakwanda ubunzima bomthetho wokutholakala emehlweni engahle njengefog noma glare. Nakuba umkhiqizo omnye ungasebenzi ngokwesikhashana, isistimu esihlanganisiwe sinesandla sokubona izimo.

Indlela ephucukelayo: Ukumisela kwe-AI kumaphepha okulahlekisa okusebenzisa idatha yomkhiqizo

Izinhlelo ezintsha zonke zokunqamula kuyakhula ngokugcwele ekufundeni umbhedlulo wokuthatha imoto nokuhlola izindawo eziphazanyayo kuze kube yilapho okuthile kubangela. Imboniso ethile ithi ukuthi ubuchwepheshe bukaNkulunkulu bungakhusela amathuba okuqhuma angakhokelelwa yizinkinga zeMuntu ngama-90%. Kanjani? Ngokuthutha kuqala ngezinto ezifana nobhemu obukhazimulayo noma ukuhlungwa kwesitebhu uma kudingeka. Lapho sibuka phambili, igunya elilandelayo leteknoloji lizoloba imoto ngqo kumasevisi wezandla. Lokhu kusho ukuthi i-AI ingacabanga ulwazi phakathi kwezinye izinhlelo zomphakathi nezinye izimoto kanye nezinkathazo zentonga yonke. Esikhathini esizayo, ngaphandle kokuthi ngalunye umphakathi ushaye ngokwayo, zonke izimoto zizohlala zihlanganisa ukuqasha izinkinga ezingazange ziboneke ngabanye, futhi zidale umzabalazo ozinconywayo kubo bonke abahlelekayo.

Imibuzo Evame Ukubuzwa

Izithuthi zezimoto zisiza kanjani ekupheliseni isiphazamiso nesihluleko sokuthatha imoto?

Izixhobo zokuthembeka zasezimoto zisebenzisa izikhalo ezifana ne-infrared ukulandela umbuzo wosave. Zibonakala izimpawu zokungathembeki noma ukugcogca, njengekuba kusalela emlonyeni noma ukuvaleka kwesono ngexesha elide, baze zithintele usave ngemiyalo yengqondo noma yomdla, ekunciphisa amandla okuhlaziywa kwiziganeko.

Yintoni indima eyenziwa yiindlela ezingavumelekanga ekuvuseleleni umyalelo wendiza?

Iindlela ezingavumelekanga ziguquka ngokulinganiselana nokukhangela kwe-GPS, zihlanza indlela ngaphezulu kwezigubhu. Le guquko ekwenzenjalo kunciphisa iziganeko ngexesha lokumva ngoba kuyakunceda ukubona izinto ezinokungcolisa.

Ingaba kukho ngeke kube khathazekile kakhulu ngamathuba atholakalayo iisense zezimoto?

Ewe, ububele obunobulungisa kwiindawo ezinemvelaphi kungenza ukuba usave akwazi ukulandela ngempindura. Ezinye ii-sava zingasebenzisa i-telefone ngexesha lapho zivelela, okungadinga ixesha lokuphendula xa iindawo zihluka.

Na i-teknoloji ye-ADAS ingayikeza amandla eziganeleko ngemimangaliso yazo zonke?

Yebo, i-ADAS ithuthukisa ngokuchembelela emehlweni, ihlanza izici njengezaziso zeziphumathelo nezinconzo zokugcina ukubamba, okusinika iziphumela ezimbi ngemini yesihlangothi esikhulekileyo njengevuku noma ivuvu.