He aha te Tūwāhi o te Kaitirotiro Tātanga Throttle i roto i te Motuka?

Te Whakamārama i te Kaituhi Tūpono Kaitiaki (TPS) me ana Mahi Matua

He aha te mea e mahi ana te Kaituhi Tūpono Kaitiaki?

Ko te Kaituhi Tōpana Kaiwhakamahi, te TPS hei whakaroto, e whai ana i te tōpana o te vālvu tōpana i te wā katoa. Ka tuku i ngā korero tōpana ki te wāhanga e mōhiotia ana hei Kaitāwhai Motuka, te ECU hei whakaroto. He aha tēnei katoa? Nupepa, e āwhina ana i te whakahaere pai ake i te huinga hau me te kora o roto i te mōhinu, e whai pānga whakamua ana ki te āhua whakamāmā o te mōhinu me te āhua māmā o te haerenga o te waka. Mō ngā waka e whakauru ana i ngā pūnaha inu kora hiko anō hoki, kei te tākarotia te TPS hei whakapau e te tika o te kora e tukuna ana ina amuamu te kaiwhakamahi i te tōpana. Āwhinatia ana te mōhinu kia uru atu ki te tika pea ina hōkio ana pea te kaiwhakamahi, me te āhua māmā o te haerenga o te waka. Ko tēnei āwhina i te kaiwhakamahi kia kitea e rite ana i ā rātou whakamahinga.

Te aratau taketake me te wāhi o te Kaituhi Tōpana Kaiwhakamahi

Kei te noho tonu te TPS ki te kiriata o te throttle body e penei ana i te kaitohenga panuku. Ko te tikanga ko te take i konei ko te huri i ērā ngā kōnaro throttle ki ngā whakapua hiko e māmā ai te waka. Ina tāia te karu whakangungu e tētahi, ka piki ake hoki te whakapua. Ko te tīmata he tāmitanga o te haurua volt ina noho tonu te mōhini, kātā ka piki atu ki te waru haurua volt ina whakatuwhera katoa te throttle. He nui rawa te hiahia a te ECU ki tēnei mōhio heoi anō hoki i te āwhina i a ia ki te whai mōhio e hia te utu e noho ana te mōhini i raro iho iho, ā, ka whakatau hoki i te rahi o te kora e tukuna me ngā wā tere ake. Mēnā kāore ngā panonitanga TPS tika, ko te tōtika katoa o te rōpū kora he manawa noa i te nuinga o te wā.

Me pēhea e whai kiko ai te Throttle Position Sensor ki ngā rōpū EFI, ECU

Ko ngā punaha TPS o tēnei wā e whakaputa ana i ngā tohu matarohia tātarotia tino āwhata ake i ngā mea tawhito ake, ā, ka uru atu hoki rātou i te 5% tere ake. Ina whai mōhio te kaiwhakahaere motuka ko te keehi, ka tirohia e ia ngā mōhio TPS ki ngā inenga mai i te Mass Airflow sensor me te Manifold Absolute Pressure sensor. Kātahi ka āwhina i te whakarerekē i ngā mea pērā i te wā ka pū ake ngā spark plug, te tere ka pumau ai te hurihanga motuka, ā, ka whakahaere hoki i ngā whakaputanga. Whakamahia he āhuatanga kei te tūraru tētahi tāngata ka whakatuwhera whakamua te throttle. Me whakakaha ake te huinga kora, me te huri i te roa o te wā e tuwhera ana ngā injectors. Engari kātahi anake ka taea te urupare tūmatanui ki te kaha o te urunga TPS.

Te Kaitakawaenga Tūranga Throttle i te Huinga Hau-Kora me te Whakaeke Motuka

Te Whakarerekē Tūmatanui i te Tau Hau-Kora e Whai ana i ngā Raraunga TPS

Ko te kaitirotiro tūnga pahu tāwhai he wehe nui ki te āhua pai o te kaihoko wera i te kora, i te whakamōhiotia e ia te rorohiko ki te tūnga o te pahu i te wā katoa. Ina pēsia e tētahi tangata te karu pāpaku, ka piki ake te tūpono mai i te haurua volt ina kati tino kia tata ki te rima volt ina wātea tino. Ka whakamahia e te waka rorohiko wera tēnei mōhio kia whakatau i te rahinga kora e tāwhai ana ki ia silihia. Kātahi ka āwhina i te āhua kia māmā tonu ai i te wā e mau ana i taua koiora o te 14 ira 7 wāhanga hau ki te wāhanga kora kotahi kia āhua noa ki te āhua e āhua ana i te ara. Ā, ko te mea hoki, ina kotahi tātou ki te whakauru mai i ērā atu kaitirotiro hau oxi i roto i te pūhōhoro, ka tere ake ngā whakarerekē – i ngā wā ka taea e 50 mira tāroa i muri i te nekeneke ake o te waewae ki te karu whakatairite.

Ngā Pānga ake o te Mahi TPS ki te Whakamahi Kora me ngā Whakaputanga

Ko te whakahaere tika i te TPS ka whakapai ake i te tere mātāpuna o te tāone 6-12% (EPA 2022) mā te whakakaha i ngā whakakaha kore e hiahiatia ana. Ko ngā kaiwhakauru hapa ka arahi ki te para korekau, e hua ai te nui ake o ngā huinga karaihe 30% me te nui ake o te oksinitrogen 15%. E ai ki te Society of Automotive Engineers, ko ngā raraunga tūpono kāore he tika e hua ai te 23% o ngā whakamātau hau kore.

Tauira Koorero: Ko te Hapa TPS ka arahi ki te Kaha Hui / Kaha Kāore

I tētahi tātai 2023 mō ngā 1,200 waka ki ngā waehere whakapae P0121 / P0221 kua kitea ko te 68% i whai hua i ngā tikanga kāore i te katoa i te noho (Ko ngā whakapā TPS kei raro i te 0.4V) me ngā huinga kaha ake i raro i te taraiwa (kei runga i te 4.6V). I hua mai ēnei hapa i:

• 15% te tata ki te heke o te tere mātāpuna
• 40% te pikinga o ngā wāhi noho o te kaitakawaenga kaha
• Ko te wehenga wehe i te wā e 25-35% te whakamahi i te taraiwa
  I te 89% o ngā take, i tika te whakarewa anō i te whakauru, e whakaatu ana i te tūranga matua o te TPS ki te whakahaere i te huinga.

Te Whakauru Taraiwa Taraiwa me te Whakahaere Motuka Whakauru Whakawhitinga Mōhio

Me pēhea te TPS e tuku atu ai i ngā whakapua Kiriata ki te ECM i runga i te Kōpiko Kōpiko

Kei te mahi a te Kiriata Tūranga Kōpiko (Throttle Position Sensor) hei kaiwhakatika tika, heoi anō te huri i te nekeneke tūturu o te kōpiko kōpiko ki ngā rerekētanga o ngā kiriata, e māmā ana i waenganui i te 0.5 volts me te 4.5 volts. Ina tāia e tētahi te pēke rere, ka piki ake te kiriata i te whakapānga tika ki te roa e whakatuwhera ana te kōpiko - mai i ngā tūranga pakaru pakaru i ngā wā tuarā, ina heke ake pea te tuarā i te 10%, kei te tere tika ina tuwhera tāpiri te kōpiko. Ka whakamahi ngā kaiwhakahaere mōhini o te wā kua whanake ake i ngā panonitanga kiriata mōhio ki te huri i ērā ki ngā mōhio e whakamahia ana e te punaha tuanui 5 volts. E āki ai i ngā waka ki te arotake i te tūranga o te kōpiko i te wā tika, i etahi wā kei te tata ki te tekauma tasi o te kia tika i ngā tau kei te whakamahia ngā kaiwhakarato tikintu.

ECM Urupare ki te TPS Puta: Whakatū Kiriata, Whakahaere Tuarā, me te Whakahaere Kāmupene

Ki te tiki i te TPS rara, ka whakahohe te Kaitiaki Rara Ihirangi Toronga e toru whakautu matua:

• Te wā pōhuri : Ka whakaputua te pōhuri ki te 2-6° ia 10% ka aki ake te pana i raro i te utu (Nga ako pōhuri Federal Mogul 2022)
• Whakahaere āhua moe : Ka whakahohe i nga tātaitanga tūturu ina heke te tūranga pana ki raro i te 2%
• Whakahaere utu tuku : Ka whakarite i te kaha o te kōpae hui kaha ki te āhua e neke ana te pana

Korero Tāuturu Kauta ki ngā Pūnaha ECU Hōu hei Whakahaere Pana Tika

Ka whakamahi ngā ECU hōu i ngā urunga TPS tahi ana me ngā rara MAF me ngā rara o te kiriata hau hei whanaketanga i ngā mahere pana tāuturu, ka whakahōuia 50-100 ngā wā ia hēkona ki ngā mōhini ina tiriti hau. Ka taea e tēnei pūnaha tāuturu te whakatika i:

• Te wear mekanik i te tinana pana (e tautoa ana ki te 0.2mm neke haere o te rākau)
• Te nekenga tohu mai i ngā panonitanga o te wera
• Nga hurihanga utu tere i te wa e huri ana i nga tahema
  Ina whakaritea ki nga punaha tuwhera tuatahi me te whakaaetanga hapa o ± 5%, kei te noho tonu nga whakaranu rite ki te tika o ± 0.8% e hiahiatia ana kia rite ki nga whakaritenga EURO 7 me EPA Tier 4.

TPS I waenganui i Era Kaitiaki Motuka Katoa: Te Rangatira me te Kuhungia o te Punaha

Te Whakarite i te Kaituhi Tāwhai Mawhiti ki nga Kaitiaki MAF me MAP

Ko ngā iniana hōu e toru ngā kaiwhakamahi matua e hiahiatia ana kia tika ai te hōhonu ake i te wera: te kaiwhakamahi Mass Airflow (MAF), te kaiwhakamahi Manifold Absolute Pressure (MAP), me te kaiwhakamahi Tūranga Whakauru (TPS). Ko te MAF e whai kōrero ana ki te iniana e hiahiatia ana te hau e tū ana, i te wā e tiaki ana i te MAP i te pēhi ki roto i te pātīpā whakauru. I waenganui, ko te TPS e hoatu ana i ngā panonitanga tonu e pā ana ki te tūranga o ngā rāpua whakauru i te wā kua tohua. Āwhina ana ngā whakapua katoa i te Kaitiaki Whakahaere Iniana kia whakamātau i ngā mea e whai hua ana me ngā mea e pā ana ina pēnei ana te kaiwhakamahi i te papanga whakakaha. Ina pakaru ngā kaiwhakamahi ki te papanga whakakaha, ka nui ake te whakamahinga o te panonitanga TPS i te mea ka taea e ngā kaiwhakamahi MAF te iti ake i te tere ki te urupare ki ngā panonitanga tūkaha o ngā tikanga hau.

Ko te Tāwāhanga o TPS ki te Tātai i te Utu Iniana me te Whakarite i ngā Kōrero Kaiwhakamahi

Ko te ira taputapu whirihau (ECM) e whakawhirinaki ana ki te tohu whakahaere (TPS) kaha whakahaere hei whai mōhio kei te hiahia a te kaiwhakamahi ki te waka. Ina neke tika ana te wā i ngā tere pūmau, ko te ira hau hui (MAF) me te ira totohu hau (MAP) e ārahi ana i te tātai i te utu awhina. Engari ina heke mai ana te mahi - whakawhitinga tere, te pikinga i ngā puke pāpaku - ka hinga te TPS hei kingi i te tuarangi whakauru. He tika tēnei, i te wā e totohu ana te kaiwhakamahi i te paparinga, ko te huringa i te hau, te totohu rānei ki roto i te pūnaha tāwhaihau e 100 ki te 300 mira tākai te roa ki te kitea e ngā ira. Ko te roa o te wā e whakawhirinaki ana me mahi tūmataiti te ECM mā te TPS i te tuatahi i mua i te tatari i ētahi atu ira.

Te whanake ake o te Tika o te TPS i ngā Pūnaha Injekihia Tika me ngā Pūnaha EFI Matua

Ina tōa atu ki ngā mōhini inihua tūmau me ngā mōhini whakapirau, kua nui ake te whakahaere i te taumau hau-moti i te Sensor Tūwāhi Kōpiko (TPS) i te nuinga o te wā, kaua ko te kaiwhakauru anake. I ēnei rā, kei te whakakotahi ngā Kaitiaki Rorohiko Mōhini (ECU) i ngā korero mai i te TPS tā te tūranga o te kōpiko pōro me ngā kōrero mai i ngā sensor hauwhero. Kaua ko te taumau tēnei ka taea e te punaha te whirikētia i te wā e inihua ai te moti ki te taumaha o te haurua o te haurua o te wā. E ai ki ngā whiriwhiringa hou e whakaputua ana i te Pūrongo Whakauru Sensor Waka Tāone 2024, tērā pea pea pea ngā hapa iti nei i runga i te 2 ōrau ka nui ake te kaiwhakamahi i te motuka e 9 ōrau ka tāwhai hoki i te hauwhero NOx e 15 ōrau. Kia heke haere ngā waka i ngā hononga mekanikiri tawhito ki ngā pūnaha kōpiko hihiani, kua whānui ake te tūwāhi o te TPS i runga ake i te whakauru whakauru anake. Ka āwhina hoki ia i te āhua o te pāmahana o te kōpiko me te tāwhai i te whakapapa o ngā waka i te wā e whakatairangia ana i ngā pūnaha inihua hou.

Te whai whakaaturanga me te whakahaere i te Mahinga Tuhinga o te Potae

Ngā Tohu Kua Hinga TPS: Ngā Wehenga, Ngā Tautohe, me ngā Take Tautohe

Ko te TPS e hinga ana ka whakaroa i te kaha o te taraiwa, i te nuinga ka hinga i te wehenga i te wā e whakatairite ana, te tautohe kāore i te mōhio i te wā e noho ana te wā, i te wā e rereke ana te tere o te inu mai i te 500-1,500 RPM. E pa ana ēnei take ki ngā whakapua korekau e whakakaha ai i te ECU kia whakamaori tika i te tuunga o te potae, ka hua mai i te kore e onge ai te hāngai o te hau me te kora.

Aroturuki Rerehua me ngā Kupu Whakapua (P0121, P0221)

Ko ngā hapa TPS e tū tonu ana ka whakaputangia te Rerehua Aroturuki me ngā waehere OBD-II. Ko te P0121 he whakapua korekau i waenganui i ngā tuunga kua kapihia me te whakatuwhera tino, i te wāhi e P0221 he aha ki te kore o te aronga o te whakapua i te wā e nekeneke ana te potae. Ka whakamahia ēnei waehere e ngā kaiwhakahaere kia tūhono ki ngā raraunga o te wā tonu hei whakapumau i ngā hapa o ngā kaiwhakauru i mua i te whakakapi.

Te Whakamātau TPS ki te Multimeter me te Kaitirotiro OBD-II

Kei te hiahiatia e te whai whakaaturanga tika ngā taputapu e rua:

1. Multimeter mati : E whakamātai i te taura i te kōnektor TPS, e whakamana ana i te putanga mai i te 0.5V (kīato) ki te 4.5V (whakaputua)
2. Kaitāro OBD-II : E tirotiro ana i te raraunga tūpono whakamuri māwhai i te urunga pēne
   Ko ngā whakarahinga e pā ki te ±0.7V mai i ngā whakaritenga, kaua ko ngā panonitanga kāore e neke i te wā o te whakaputanga e whakamana ai te hinga o te kaituhi.

Tukanga mō te Whakarewa TPS i muri i te Whakakapi

Kei te matua whakarewa te whakarewa i muri i te whakakapi hei whakahaere tika:

1. Whakarewa i te mema ECU e whakamahi ana i te taputapu kaitāro ara-tuwhera
2. Mahia he tukanga ako noho: kawe i te mōhinu i te noho noho mō te 2 meneti me ngā taputapu kāore e hāngai ana
3. Whakamana kia 0.48-0.52V te taura tūpono poka-kati e whakamahi ana i te taputapu tāro
   Ko te wehenga i te whakarewa pea pea pea te noho pōpōpōpō, te uaua ki te taraiwa i te taraiwa rānei i te taraiwa taraiwa.

FAQ

He aha ngā tohu o tētahi Kaituhi Tōpana e mōhiotia ana?

Ko ngā tohu o tētahi Kaituhi Tōpana e mōhiotia ana ko te wehenga i te wā e whakatairite ana, te mutunga koretake i te noho tuwhera, ngā tere motuka kāore i te tūpono, me ngā RPM e rereke ana. Ko te Rua Whakatū Motuka hoki ka whetuwhetu pea tahi atu me ngā waehere whakawhitinga whakamōhiotia.

Pēhea te pānga a te Kaituhi Tōpana ki te whai rawa o te kora?

Ko tētahi TPS e mahi tika ana hei whakapai ake i te rere o te hau me te kora, hei whakapai ake i te whai rawa kora, me te whakaiti i ngā whakaputanga. Ko te TPS ngoikera ka arahia ki te para korekau me te nui ake ngā whakaputanga.

Pēhea ngā kaiwhakamahi e whiriwhiri ai i ngā hapa TPS?

Ko ngā kaiwhakamahi e whiriwhiri ai i ngā hapa TPS mā te whakamahi i ngā kaitirotiro OBD-II me ngā mitamita mōhioa hei whakamana i ngā whakaputanga tahua me te whakapumau i ngā hapa kaituhi mā te raraunga kaiarahia.

He aha te take e nui ana te whakaturanga anō i muri i te whakakapi TPS?

Ka whakapumaua te whakaturanga anō i te TPS e tuku atu ai i ngā whai tohutohu ki te ECU, e whakapumau ai i te noho tuwhera me te whakapai ake i ngā mahi whakauru. Mā te kore e whakaturanga anō ka arahia ki te kāore o te noho tuwhera.