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Isensọ ya-okhsijini isebenza ekuhlelweni okuphakeme kakhulu kwe-vehicle. Iphakanyisiwe ngqo emgqamweni wokugqibela, ibona umthelelo ophezulu kakhulu, amanzi amahlanu asekhaya, isalti yemvilini, nokuvibrha kuzo zonke izinsuku. Ngoko ke lokhu kufanele kubhekwe ngokujabulisayo apho izinto ezingenabizo zingafuni. Ukukhanya kuyisithuthi esihlanu sokufa kwezi zinto: uma izinyathelo zizokhala noma iphakathi yezindawo ziyogqoka, ukuchaza kungadlula kwaye isistimu yokuphatha injini ayilambile ukubuka phambi kwalo.
Umthwalo Wokugqibela Nokukhanya Kwayo
Isalti, Amansi, Nokuthwasa Kwemithwalo Emgqamweni Wokugqibela
Isensọ ya-okhisijini isebenza apho igasi lokugcina, amafutha amanzi, nokhupha kwezilwane zokuvula isikhalazi ziyaphakamisa. Amazwe okuzulwane ayabheka amafutha amaninzi emakhloridi ekuseni lezilwane zokuvula esikhathini sesihlanu, okuyabheka isensọ ngamafutha akhona kanye nezindawo zokubheka kwesikhumba. Ngokuhlanganiswa nesikhalazi se-sulfur kanye ne-nitrogen esigasini sokugcina, lokhu kwenza umthwalo wokukhwehla okuphambili. Ukukhwehla kwezinhlobo zezinto ezingafani kuyabhekana nezindawo zokubheka, futhi amafutha amaninzi ayakhwehla izindawo ezingavaliwe zokubheka. Uma akunakho ukuthinteka okuphambili, isensọ ya-lambda iyagqibwa ngomhla wokuzulwane kuphela.
Ukukhwehla Kwemithwalo Yezilwane Zokuzulwane
Ikompani yokuthumela eminye yezikhulu esebenzisa ephansi kwemvilophu yaseGulf Coast ibonile ukuthi ukuthenga kwamafuel kwezivanhi zazihlukile. Abatekhnisi bakhohlwa kuqala isoftweya yekhontrola yemoto. Umthwalo wokwakha wabonakala ngokuzulazula: izihlangothi zesensha yamandla zazibonakala ngezinkolo zezincu, futhi iphutha lezihlangothi yayisobala njengoba yayikhiphe. Umoya wasebhayi ongumkhulu wezincu futhi ukuthwashwa kusuku sonke kwenza ukuthi iphutha libhekwe ngokuphambuka kwezincu. Ukubuyisela izinhlayo zokusebenza nezinhlayo zokugcina izihlangothi zazinika ukuthenga kwamafuel futhi zazivula izikodi zokungabi nesifunda sokuthi isensha ayisebenzi ngokuphelele ngeminyaka emibili. Isifundo sasibonakala ngokucacile: emizini yasebhayi nezinkolo, urating wokugcina okuhambisana nokuthi isensha iyasebenza ngomzinsa wokuqala noma ngeminyaka emishumi. Amaphulethi ayo abuyisela amaphartsi anamaphutha akhanyayo nezinhlayo zokugcina zazibonakala ngokuthi azinakwazi ukuthi abe nempilo yezikhathi eziningi futhi azinakwazi ukuthi abe nempilo yezikhathi eziningi zokuthi isensha iyasebenza ngokuphelele.
Amathuluzi Okugcina Okuphakeme Kwezinhlayo Zokusebenza Zokuthi Isensha Yasebenza Ngokuphelele
I-Housing ye-PPS, i-Sheath ye-Stainless, nokuphakanyiswa kwe-Terminal
Isensor yemvelo eyiqinile isehlwa ngokwesibonelo se-polyphenylene sulfide (PPS). I-PPS iyaphatha ukuthi kunezintemperatura ezikhulu nokuthi kunezinkambo zokuchitha, ngakho akasobala noma akayithola umoya njengamaplastiki amaningi. I-body yeprobe iyabhalwa ngokwesheath yesistil yesithili eyomkhulu okuyikhipha izinkambo zokuchitha kwezinye nezinkinga zokuguqula kwemvelo. Amaterminal ayatholakala ngokuphakanyiswa kwe-nickel emva kokuphakanyiswa kwe-gold okuncane: i-nickel iyavimba ukuchitha, ngakho i-gold iyagcina ukuthi kukhona ukuxhumana okuncane kwezimali okukhona ngokuphelele kwezinkulungwane zokuguqula kwemvelo ngaphandle kokuvimba.
I-Harness esihlukile ngumoya nokuxhumana okugcinwe
Ukukhwehla kusobala kusuka kwezikhombisa, akakho isiphumo. Isensọ epholile kakhulu ishiphumelela ngezinhlobo zokugcina amasensọ ezinkampani nezinhlobo zokugcina okuphelele emaphakathi okwesensọ yamandla. Le misela yokuphola ukukhwehla kuyabeka isignal sokuqinisekisa kusobala kahle nakuba izihlangothi zokuphola zezinye izinto zokuphola ziyadlula. Lezi zisetyenziswa ngokusebenzisa i-dielectric grease ne-rubber grommets ukubhoka ukufika kwamafutha. Ukugcina kwezinhlobo zokugcina kuzokuvumela ukuthi isignal sibonakale kahle njengoba isignal sibonakale kahle nakuba sisigxila esikhulu noma kusobala kwezinhlobo zokugcina zezinye izinto zokuphola.
Ukuchaza nokubaluleka Kwemithombo Yokuphola Ukukhwehla
Ukuchaza Kungani Ukuphola Nokugcina Kwenhlobo Yokuphola
Kuleli kuhlelwe kwisikhundla, ukusebenza kokulungisa kusukela ekutheni kwezinkulungwane zokubhala. Isilwane esibasileyo sithuluzwa, emva koko kusakelwa nganikeli ngokuphatha kwelekthrokholi ukuze kwenzeke isilwandle esihle ekunqamlezweni kwelekthrokholi. Emva kwalokho kusakelwa ngogoldi noma ngotini ukuze kwenzeke ukugxilwa nokuhlanya kwezinqamuzo. Amaphakade okubonakaliswa angabhalwa ngokubhala kwezincwadi zokuvavanya ukuthi akakwazi ukuthula amandla wezinyembezi. Ngisho noma yiliphi ilayiya, ikhulungwane liphakanyiswa ngokulinganisa ukuthi ukuncamuka kakhulu kuyakwenzela ukuthi kubhekwe izikhumba, futhi ukuncamuka kakhulu kuyakwenzela ukuthi kubhekwe izikhumba ngokuphatha kwezinkulungwane zokubhala. Amaphakade amasha ayakha isilwandle sokubhala esisodwa kumgodi wokubhala, ukuthi amandla wezinkulungwane awasekho kufika kumkhakha wokuvavanya ngokuphatha kwezinkulungwane zokubhala. Ukubhala okubonakalayo kuvavanywa kuthi kubhekwe amandla wezinkulungwane kumkhakha, futhi ukusakela kuvavanywa kuthi kubhekwe amandla wezinkulungwane kumakhanda.
Kuvavanywa ngokuphatha kwezinkulungwane zokubhala nezinkulungwane zokuvavanya
Iyindlela ephathelweyo ngokusebenzisa ukuthi i-ISO 9227 ibhala amaphuzu emafutha ethu kubonisa ubukhulu bakho emkhumbi ekhuluma ngokuphelele okuyisibonelo sokugqibela kwemikhumbi yezinsuku zokugqibela kwezinye izindawo zokugqibela. I-ASTM B117 iyagcina isikhathi sokubhala amaphuzu nokuhlola, ngakho-ke i-IEC 60068 iyagcina ukuthi izinto zokusebenza zezinhlanzi zokugqibela kwezinhlanzi zokusebenza kwezinhlanzi zokugqibela. Lezi zizindaba zinikela izindawo zokugqibela isibonelo esitholakala: indawo eya kugqibela kwezinsuku zokubhala amaphuzu izogqibela kwezinye izindawo ezingasenziwa ngokuphelele kwezinye izindawo zokugqibela. Izilaboratori ezihlukanisiwe zibhala iziphumo ngamahora okubhala amaphuzu, futhi leyo yisibonelo sokulinganisa ukuthi izinto ziyagqibela kwezinye izindawo ngokuphelele ngokuphelele ngokungabhalwa kwezinye izindawo.
Ukuthenga, Ukufaka, Futhi Ukudibanisa Ukuze Ube Nendalo
Ukubona Futhi Ukuthenga Isibonelo
Amaphakathi okuthenga kufanele abhekise imithambo eyalishicwe ngaphandle kokubonisa ukuthi bakhathazekile ngokuthenga isenziso sokuhlanganisa uma bakhetha isenziso sokuhlanza. Bhekisa ukuthi iprodukthi ibhala ukuthi iyasebenzisa i-PPS housing, i-stainless steel sheath, nokuthunywa kwemithambo nge-nickel noma i-gold. Qha umthwalo wokuphatha ukuthi kwenziwe isivumelwano se-salt-spray sokuziphatha ngokusebenzisa i-ISO 9227. Yenza ukuthi i-lambda probe ihambisane ne-platform yomkhumbi ngokuphelele, ngoba ukungafani kwenza amathread athiwe kusuka kwe-leakage. Thenga kuma-supplier owenziwe ngokwesibonelo esikhona futhi owenziwe ngokuthi amadatha amagcwele ayashicwe. Ukuthi kubhaliwe i-IP (ingress protection) grade futhi ukuthi kubhaliwe ubukhulu be-plating bongena kubonisa ukuthi kwenziwe ngokujabulisa, ngakho-ke amathuluzi angaziwa ayalisha izinto ezifana nalezi ezingasiza ukuthi sibone indlela yokusebenza kwezinsuku zokugcina. Ukuthi kubhekiswe ukuthi isenziso sokuhlanza siyasebenza ngokuvikela ukuthi kufanele kungabi nesithakazelo sokufa ngokuchitha, njengoko kubhaliwe ukuthi kwenziwe isivumelwano se-salt-spray, kuyahlinzeka izinto ezizimele kanye nezinye ezingavikeli.
Ukuphatha kwezinsuku zokuphatha ukuthi kungabi nesithakazelo sokufa ngokuchitha
Ukufaka kwezinto kubuyisela ukuthembeka. Sebenzisa isibonelo sesikhala esingaphansi kwamaphakathi, yenza umkhakha wokugcina umkhakha wokugcina ngokulinganisa, futhi ungakhuselela indawo yokuqondwa eyadlula. Ngokwenza izilungiselelo, bheka amaphakathi ukuthi kunezinkomo zomhlophe noma umbala omnyama oyisithathu okusho ukuthi kusukile ukuphazimula. Sula amaphakathi emzantsi ngeminyaka yezinkanyezi ukuze ususele amaphakathi wechloride, kodwa ungabhekise amaphakathi ngokuphambuka kwezinqamuzi zokuphambuka kahle. Amaminithi angu-5 emboni ngokwenza izilungiselelo zonke zizigcina ukuthi umkhakha wokugcina wokwesibili uyasebenza ngaphezu kwezinsuku zokuphazimula.
Ukuthintana nokuphazimula kwenziwe ngokuphathelene nokuthembeka, akasukela ngokuphathelene nokuthembeka. Umkhakha wokugcina wokwesibili othembekile okunikeza i-PPS, isitshixo se-stainless steel, amaphakathi ayo aphathelene nokuthembeka, futhi indawo yokuqondwa iyasekelwe kuyoba yisibonelo sokuthembeka sokudlula amaphakathi, isikhati, futhi umphumela wokuhlanza. Ukukhetha izinto ezithembekile futhi ukulandela izilungiselelo ezingafani ziyakwenza umkhakha owenziwe ngokuphathelene nokuthembeka ukuba yisibonelo esithembekile sokuthembeka kwezinto zonke zezinhlobo.
Imibuzo Evame Ukubuzwa
Umbuzo
Izicabho zokuvikela zokuthintana zokuphazimula ziyiphi?
Impendulo: Isensọ ya okhisijin eyenkulu iyasebenza ngokusebenzisa indlela yokuqinisa kwezinye izindawo: isikhumba se-PPS sibhinda ukuthiwa kwezinkinga zokuchitha ngokuchemical, isikhumba sesistil yesithili sibhinda ukuthiwa kwezinkinga zokuchitha ngokuchemical, futhi inikeli yamagoldi ne-nikel isibhinda ukuthiwa kwezinkinga zokuchitha ngokuchemical. Isihlombe esisemthwakathini nesiconnectors esisemthwakathini sibhinda ukuthiwa kwezinkinga zokuchitha ngokuchemical. Ngokuhlanganiswa kwezi zinhlobo zokubhinda, izinto zokuzimela nokuzimela kuzoba zikhona ngokuphelele, ngakho ke leli qhakatha liba lisebenza kahle kusuka kwezinkinga zokuchitha ngokuchemical, kwezinkinga zokuchitha ngokuchemical, kanye nezinkinga zokuchitha ngokuchemical.
Umbuzo
Kungani ukuchitha ngokuchemical kubalulekile kakhulu kwezinhlobo zokuchitha ngokuchemical?
Impendulo: Izinhlobo zokuchitha ngokuchemical ziyabulawa izinkinga zokuchitha ngokuchemical, izinkinga zokuchitha ngokuchemical, kanye nezinkinga zokuchitha ngokuchemical kumunye umkhakha. Isalti yamaphansi kanye ne-condensate ziyadala isilayithi esizimele esizimele ukuthiwa kwezinkinga zokuchitha ngokuchemical kwezinkinga zokuchitha ngokuchemical. Uma izindlela zokuzimela noma isikhumba sibhindeka, isensọ isithumelela ivolti engafanele kanye nemoto ibhaleke ngokufana noma ngokufana. Lokhu kuyavusa ukuthenga kwemoto kanye nokuthiwa kwezinkinga zokuchitha ngokuchemical. Ukubhinda ukuthiwa kwezinkinga zokuchitha ngokuchemical kuyisifundo esibalulekile ukuthi isensọ sibe yisifundo esibalulekile.
Umbuzo
Kungani ukubhinda ukuthiwa kwezinkinga zokuchitha ngokuchemical kuyasebenzisa kwi-terminal zasesensọ?
Impendulo: Amatereminali aphakanyiswa, emva koko aphakanyiswa ngokusebenzisa i-nickel njengomkhawulo wokuqala owenza isithuthi sokugqibela esihlukile. Isikhumba esincane se-gold noma se-tin sifakwa ukuze sibone isiphumo esihlukile nokuncane kokuphakanyiswa. Ukubhala kufanekile kakhulu ngoba ukubhala okuncane kwenza amapinholes, futhi ukubhala okude kwenza amacrack ngaphansi kwesikhathi sokuguqula kwezintemperetsha. Amasurfesi amathile ayo akhulunywa ayafakwa ngokusebenzisa i-ceramic coating eyabhekana nezinkambo zokugqibela, ekugcina isithuthi sokuhlinzekwa.
Umbuzo
Ukuzimela kwezinkambo zokushaya kungakhombisa ubudlelwano bokusebenza kwe-sensor ngokwempilo?
Impendulo: Ukuzimela kwezinkambo zokushaya kungakhombisa ubudlelwano obuhle nokuphindeleka kakhulu kobudlelwano. Ngaphansi kwe-ISO 9227 ne-ASTM B117, izinto zizwa ukuzimela kwe-chloride okuphindeleka okuvumela ukubona izimo zezandla nezindawo zokushaya kwezinsuku zomhla. Isensor esiphelela ukuzimela okude kuyakwazi ukuphila kakhulu kunezinto ezingazimelwanga ngokwesikhathi sokusebenza kwezinsuku zokugqibela. Ukuzimela akakhombisi konke okubalulekile kwezindawo zokushaya, kodwa kuyisibonelo esivumelwayo sokulinganisa ubudlelwano bokuhlinzekwa.
Umbuzo
Izifunda ziphi ezibonisa ukuthi isensor yadalelwe ukuhlinzekwa?
Impendulo: Sibone indawo yokugcina i-PPS, isikhumba sesistayinilesi, nokuphakanyiswa kwe-nickel noma i-gold kwezinyathelo, futhi isikhumba esisemthwakathini nesiconnectors esisemthwakathini. Ubiza abasunguli ukuthi bakhelwe iziphumo zokuphuma kwe-ISO 9227 salt-spray futhi uqinisekise ukuthi i-lambda probe iyafanana ne-platform yomkhumbi. Izindaba zokubonisa izinto eziyisisekelo kanye nesibhalo sokufakwa kwemithwalo siyizindlela ezinkulu zokubonisa ukuthi kunezinkinga zokukhwehwa kunezizwa zokusebenza ezingavamile.