Kufanele baphindeke bafakwe ngamazinga ephini?

Ukuziqonda Izikhathi Zokusisha Kwamaphakhi Zokuphatha Okwesibonelo

Imithombo YaseNkampani Yokwenza Izinguquko Ngaphandle Kwemiphumela Yokuqonda Ukusebenza Kwamanzi

Abakhi bamacar abaningi bavuma ukuthi kufanele ubuyekeze amaplug espark phakathi kwe-30k kunye ne-100k miles kwe-odometer, kodwa umqondo wokwesibonelo wabonisa isiphumo esihlukile. Abantu bonke abadlula emaphakathini amakhulu, abadlula ngemigqa emhlabeni, noma abahlala ekuhlulekeni okuphakeme noma okubomvu kuzoba nezinkinga zokugcina amaplug akhe kusho kungafanele kubonakaliswa kumazwi okuvela kwezifundo zokuzimela. Amagida wezisebenziso zasekhaya azinika izindaba ezizayo zokuthi kufanele zibuyiselwe, kodwa ngokwesifundo esitsha sika-SAE esasendlini yezinsizakalo ngo-2023, abantu abadlula ngokuchaza kakhulu emaphakathini amakhulu kuzoba kufanele babuyise amaplug akhe ku-40% kusasa kuka-"cruising steadily on highways". Isiphumo sokugcina siyisinye: ungahambeli kuphela ngamazwi okuvela kwezincwadi zokusebenza noma ngamilesi aphakathi kwe-dashboard. Qaphela ukuthi umoto uzobona njani ngosuku ngosuku futhi uguqula izinkulungwane zokusebenza ngokwesibonelo ukuze kube lula konke ukusebenza ngaphandle kokugcina kwezinkinga ezingafanele.

Amilesi Okubuyiselwa Ngokulingana Ne-Material Yemampulug espark: Copper (30k), Platinum (60k), Iridium (80-100k)

Ukupheleka kwe-spark plug kuyisisekelo sokubonakaliswa kwezinto ezihlukene zemithambo yayo:

• Amaphlagi e-copper : Amanzi amahle futhi aqinisekisa kakhulu, kodwa abhala kushona kushona ngokushesha ngoba banezinkinga zokupheleka kwezinkathi zokupheleka—buzoshintsha ngasinye isikhathi esingama-30,000 miles
• Amaphlagi e-platinum : I-point yokuvala kakhulu (~1,770°C) iyasebenza ukuthi iphlagi ibe nesikhathi eside sokusebenza—ngokujwayelekile isikhathi esingama-60,000 miles
• Amaphlagi e-iridium : Ukukhula kakhulu kwezinto ezihlukene ne-point yokuvala yayo eyingama-2,452°C kusiza ukwenza amaphlagi amancane kakhulu futhi akhulule isikhathi esingama-80,000–100,000 miles

Ukuthola kwe-iridium okungu-~700°C okuphakeme kune-copper kunciphisa kakhulu ukubhala kwesikhombiso—ikakhulukazi emazini aphakeme kakhulu noma emazini athiwa ngqo—lapho ukuthwasa kwezinkathi kuyisisekelo esikhulu.

Ukuthi Umthambo We-spark Plug Ukhuluma Kanjani Nokupheleka Nokusebenza

Ukupheleka Kwezinkathi Ne-Resistance Yelekthrikhu: Kungani I-iridium Iyaphakamisa I-platinum Emazini Ezedwa

Ukwakheka kwe-electrode kunomthelela esikhathini esihlala ngaso nasekuqhumeni kwayo kahle. Ngokwesibonelo, cabanga nge-iridium. Le nto inokumelana nokushisa okungcono kakhulu uma iqhathaniswa ne-platinum, inendawo yokuncibilika ephakeme cishe ngama-degree Celsius angu-600. Ngenxa yalesi sici, abakhiqizi bangenza ingxenye ephakathi kwe-electrode ibe mncane kakhulu. Ukwakheka okuncane kusho ukuthi amandla esibani agxila kangcono, futhi sidinga amandla aphansi angamaphesenti angu-20 ukuze izinto ziqhubeke. Lezi zinguquko ziholela ekuqaliseni kangcono lapho izinjini zibanda, ukuvutha okulawulwa kangcono ngaphakathi kwenjini, kanye nezikhathi ezimbalwa lapho injini iphuthelwa khona ukushaya ngesikhathi sokusebenza. Enye inzuzo iwukuthi i-iridium ayisheshi ukuguga njenge-platinum. Isikhala esiphakathi kwamathiphu e-electrode sihlala sinjalo isikhathi eside, sigcina ukuma okuhle kwe-spark ngaphezu kwalokho ama-electrode amaningi e-platinum akufinyelela cishe emabangeni angu-60.000. Ezimotweni ezinamasistimu okufaka uphethiloli ngokuqondile, lokhu kubaluleke nakakhulu. I-iridium iyaqhubeka isebenza kahle ngaphansi kwezimo ezicindezela kakhulu ngaphakathi kwamasilinda lapho iplatinamu ingaqala ukubonisa izimpawu zokuwohloka ngemva kwesikhathi esithile.

Amagugu e-Ruthenium ne-Dual-Platinum: Izinketho eziphatha kakhulu ezizokwakha izikhumba zokuphatha isikhathi eside

Ama-ruthenium alloys aya ngokuya ethandwa ngoba anikeza ukumelana nokushisa cishe okufana ne-iridium kuyilapho futhi emelana kangcono nokugqwala, ikakhulukazi uma kuziwa kulawo mafutha ahlanganiswe ne-ethanol esiwabona kakhulu emaphompini kagesi anamuhla. Kwesinye isigaba, kukhona lokhu okubizwa ngokuthi ukwakheka kwe-platinum okubili lapho ama-disc e-platinum efakwa kokubili i-electrode ephakathi ne-electrode yomhlaba. Okwenzeka lapho ukuthi ukugqwala kusabalale phakathi kwalezi zindawo ezimbili kunokugxila endaweni eyodwa kuphela. Ukuhlolwa kubonisa ukuthi lokhu kunganciphisa ukuguguleka cishe ngamaphesenti angu-40 phakathi nalezo zimo ezivame ukuqala nokuyeka uma kuqhathaniswa nezinsimbi ezivamile ze-platinum. Zonke lezi zinguquko zisho ukuthi imishini ingakwazi ukuhamba isikhathi eside phakathi kokuthatha indawo ngezinye izikhathi idlule amakhilomitha ayizinkulungwane ezingu-100 ngaphansi kwezimo ezinhle zokuhamba. Lokho kwenza lezi zinto ezintsha zikhange ngempela kuma-hybrid nezimoto eziqhubeka zihamba amakhilomitha amaningi zidinga ukusebenza okuthembekile kokuthungela ngisho nalapho amazinga okushisa eshintsha kakhulu.

Amasigni Okuzwa Ukuthi Imiphasi Yakho Yezimboni Ayadinga Ukubuyiselwa Ngokushesha

Ukuqonda ngokuthe ngezinye izimpahasela zemiphasi ngokuthe ngezinye kuzokuvikela ukuthi isikhombisa sokugcina isibonelo sisebenza, ukuphula kwamafuel, nokuthwasa kwemoto ngokuphakeme. Amasigni amakhulu ahlukene kuleli:

• Ukungafumani ukusuka , ikakhulu emkhathini ompho—okubonisa ukuthi umphasi wenzimboni uyasebenza phansi noma ungavumeleki ngokuphakeme
• Ukudlala okungafanele kuma-idle noma ukungabona , okuboniswa ngokuthwasa, ukuthwasa kahle, noma ukuthwasa kuma-idle
• Ukuphulukana kokusuka , lapho ukuthatha isithembiso kusiza ukuthwasa endaweni yokuthwasa kanye nokuthwasa kahle
• Ukuphula kwamafuel kahle , okungaba kuhle kwe-30% ngokuphakeme ngokungafanele kokufinyelela
• Ukuvula kwesibonelo sokuchekwa kwe-engine , kubizwa kahle ngamakholi okungafani kwe-P0300–P0308

Ukubona kusasa kuyabuyisa ubukhulu bekuphakanyiswa kwe-combustion futhi kuyilinda amapharti amathile asechazini.

Izinkathi Ezindaweni Ezinconywa Ukugcina Kwe-Spark Plug

Ukudlala kwe-Stop-and-Go, Isifueli Esingasemthwakathini, Nokuthuthuka Kwesikharboni Ngamadriver Amahle Okugcina

Ukuhambisa emadolobheni kubeka isibonelo esikhulu kwe-spark plugs, kwenza ukuthi bafuna ngeminyaka ezintathu ngalokho ngalilomile ngaphandle kokuthi izihamba ngokuphelele emagwebeni. Lokhu kugcina ukuthi izihamba ngokuphelele kuzoba yinkulu ngeminyaka eyisithupha-30 ku-40%, ngokwesifundo sika-SAE esayiswe ngo-2023. Uma izihamba zihamba ngamafuel angaphezulu kwe-octane noma amablenzi abaninzi kwe-ethanol, izindawo zokufana kuzoba zikhulu kakhulu, okuzoba kuhlula izihlangothi ngokukhulu. Indlela eyodwa yokungahleli kuyizindlela zokuhlupha kwe-carbon okusukela kwezindlela zokufana ezingavumelekileyo. Lezi zindlela zihlukanisa izihlangothi, futhi lokhu kuzoba kuchaza ukuthi isistimu yokufana kufanele ibe yinkulu ukuze ibeke izispark phakathi kwezihlangothi. Abamekhaniki bakhuluma ngalesi simo njenge-"carbon fouling," futhi lokhu kuchaza ukuthi ngeminyaka eyisine yezinye yezinhlanhla zokufa kwe-spark plugs ziyasebenza ngokukhulu.

Imithambo Yokugqibela Kwesikhathi Sokuphakama Kwevoltage Nezindlela Zokuhlela Umoto Kungahleli Indlela Yokusebenza Kwamaplug Ayisipheka

Izisikhangeli sezinyawo zokufika kwezinhloso zokusebenza ezihlanganisa izivuthi ezingaphezu kwe-40k volts (ngokugcina isikhundla sezinyawo zokusebenza zezindawo) ziyabeka umthelela ophezulu kwezinyawo zokufika kwezinhloso futhi zibonakalisa ukuthi zihlukile kakhulu. Izisikhangeli sezinyawo zokubhala noma lapho isikhundla sokufika kwezinhloso sifakwe ngaphezu kwe-ncwadi yokuqala kungakha izinqamuzi zemitha phakathi kwe-15 ne-25 psi, futhi zihlukisa lezi zinyawo zemitha ezimbi kakhulu. Lokhu kufana nokuhlela izinqamuzi zokusebenza ngokwenziwa kwezinyawo zokusebenza zezindawo, lokhu kwenza ukuthi kunezinkokhelo eziningi kwezinyawo zokufika kwezinhloso kungakha kunciphisa ubude bokusebenza bezinyawo zokufika kwezinhloso zokwesibhakabhaka ngamahlanu, futhi kunciphisa ubude bokusebenza kwabo kusukela ku-100 000 miles ku-50 000 miles kuphela. Qiniseka ukuthi isikhundla sokunqamuka, isikhundla sokufaka, nokubaluleka kwezinyawo zokufika kwezinhloso ziyafanele nokuthi ziyasebenza ngokuphelele ngezinyawo zokusebenza zezindawo uma ufuna ukubeka ubuhlelwane nobude bokusebenza.

Imibuzo Evame Ukubuzwa

Izinhloso zezinyawo zokufika kwezinhloso ziziphi izinkimbinkimbi?

Izinkcazelo eziphikiswe kakhulu ziyincwadi yokuqala, ukuphuma okungcono, ukuphuma kwe-rough idling, ukuphuma okungcono kwe-acceleration, ukuphanda kwe-fuel consumption, nokufika kwesikhombisa sokuchekwa kwe-engine.

Izinhlobo zezinkampani zezinkampani zingathatha njani kusukela kwe-lifespan?

Izinkampani zamacopper zihlala ngokuvamile ama-30,000 miles, izinkampani zama-platinum zihlala ngokuvamile ama-60,000 miles, futhi izinkampani zama-iridium zihlala phakathi kwe-80,000 kuya kuma-100,000 miles, kusukela kwezimo zokuphuma nokuhlela.

Izifaktor zezindawo zingathatha njani kusukela kwe-wear yezinkampani?

Ukuphuma kwe-stop-and-go, ukusebenzisa isilwane esingapheli, nokubeka kwe-carbon kuyizifaktor ezibalulekile ekuthatheni kwe-wear yezinkampani.

Izinhlobo zezinhlobo zezinhlobo zezinhlobo zingathatha njani kusukela kwe-lifespan yezinkampani?

Izinhlobo zezinhlobo zezinhlobo zingathatha kusukela kwe-wear ngokuvamile ngokuphakama kwe-stress kwe-electrodes, okungaba yisibhalo sokugcina kwe-lifespan yezinkampani.