Indlela Yokuthola I-Valve Yokulawula Ukuthatha

Ukuziqonda Indima Ye-Valve Yokukhupha Kusistemeni se-HVAC

Iyini i-Suction Control Valve Futhi Isebenzakani Kanjani Ukulawula Umzanyo We-Refrigerant

Ivali lokulawula ukuthembeka, okanye SCV ngokufuphi, lasebenza indima eyakhethekile kusindiso sakumkhuba komthwalo wokulahla ngokulawula ubungakanani bekholanti elihamba ngaphakathi ngokushintshana kwesiphazamiso sokuthembeka. Funa ukuthi njengoko kulawula intonga phakathi kwe-evaporator ne-compressor yensimbi. Uma isicelo sihleba, i-valve ivula kabanzi ukuze kuncane ikholanti elidlayo, kodwa uma kuzakhala nokuba isicelo sikhona, iphinde iphinde iyonqamleze ukuze inike inkimbinkimbi yokukhanya. Ngaphandle kalesi simiso esinamandla, izikhumulo zizoba ezizolahlwa ngokunzulu kwekholanti noma zizodlula ngokungahle ngoba akunaki kunezimali ephindephinde. Ukugcina lezi zisiphazamiso ezithile kuyakwenzela konke into ekhona kumsebenzi wokusebenza kwesimiso se-HVAC ngemini ngemini.

Ubukhona beVali Lokuthembeka KwiHlanzekisa Yomsebenzi Wensimbi ye-HVAC

Ukusebenza kahle kuka-SCV kakhulu kusisa ubushushu ngokwesivinini kanye nokhula kwesikhathi sezixhumanisi. Uma kusebenza kahle, kususa umsebenzi wokugcina uphazinyo nge-12–18%, ngokwesibonelo sika-HVAC ngo-2023, ngelikagama ukulindela kwesilinganiso sesibopho ngaphakathi kwe±1.5°F. Ezinye izimphakamiso zilandelayo:

• Ukususwa kwebushushu ngokungcono kwegunyazi elihlukileyo
• Ukukhawula kwe-evaporator coil esivikelwe ngemeko yingcinga encane
• Ukuncipha kokugcinwa okumekayo kugcina, okuhlenza isikhathi sakhe sendalo

Ngokuphathelene, i-SCV engalungile ingakha bushushu ngamathuba angama-20% ngaphakathi kwezintandathoba ezisithupha, ekhuthaza indima yakhe ebalulekile ekusebenzeni kahle kanye nezivumelwano ye-HVAC.

Izinkomba ezijulile zesi-Suction Control Valve esengalungile

Ubushushu obuncane noma obunzima ngokungahle kwalawulwa kwegunyazi

I-SCV engasebenzi kuyahlukanisa ukulawula kahle kwegunyazi, okukhala kubushushu besidumbu esingalingani. Izixhumanisi mhlawumbe zizobe zisebenze 15–20% ngokude ukuze zifinyelele izilinganiso, zithengeke ibushushu kangangokude kodwa zinikeze ukuxhumana okungafanelekile

Ukumelana kwezinhlayiya ngokungahle kwehlaza refrijalenti

Lapho ivavile ayikwazi ukulungisa ingcindezi yesiphingo, izinhlayiya zingase zilunge ngaphezu kwalokho—kuya ku-3–5 imini. Lokhu kukhazimholayo kumelela emshineni kanye nezinye iziqhamo, kuyayiza ububi bwebhizinisi.

Ingeniso ephezulu yokunyanga ngokusebenza akunjalo

Ukulawula refrijalenti okungijalo kuthinta umshini ukuthatha amapi ephansi, kubangela ukuphakama kwamapi kwe-18–25%. Lezi ziphazanyo zihlukaniswa ngokuthi izikhwama ziyakhala ngaphandle kokuthuthukisa kwekuhlelekile.

Ukuvula okungafanelekile kuhlanganiswe nesilinganiso sangcindezi

Izinhlayiya ezintsha zivalela ngokuzenzekalela lapho iingcindezi zesiphingo ziyaphinda izigaba esemthandabuzini. Isifundo sika-ASHRAE se-2023 sabona ukuthi 42% yezivalelo ezithile zazihlangene nokulahlekelwa kwezolungelo zangcindezi, kufaka phakathi ezithile ezibizwa ngevavile ezingenalo SCVs.

Ukudluliswa kweyirise okungcono ngokungahle kwesivalo

Ukudluliswa okungcono kwe-refrijalenti kuthinta ingcindezi yesivumbi, kubangela:

• Ukudluliswa kwezulu ngokuphindaphindi kusuka kumigodo
• Ukuguquka kwesithombi kakhulu kungekho ±4°F
• Ukushisa nokulima okungahleliwe phakathi kwezindawo

Ezinkathazo ezininzi, le nkabi yekhono ingaba lingelilizwi njengeezikhamphani ezingalwaliwe noma ukubopheza okungafanelekile kwamandla.

Ukuhlola nokufunda izinkinga zokusebenza kwegilazi yokukhupha isikhuphi

Incazelo ejulileyo yokuhlolwa kwegilazi yokukhupha isikhuphi

Qalani ngekukhombisa kwezivumelwano ye-SCV ukhumbula konke okungcono njengekuqhubekayo kwebhuluku, izinkunzi zokuduna, noma izikhutha ezindaweni zezigaba. Bheka i-multimeter emva koko uzime izilinganiso zokukhazimba kwamandla. Uma leli nombolo libuye ngaphezulu kuka-15% kusukela kwalapho umphathi wethembeka ukuthi kumele kube, lokhu kusho isibonelo ukuthi ikoyili iqala ukuphila. Xa isistimu iqala ukusebenza, qondanisa futhi izifundo zengxenye. Abaningi abasebenzisana besistimu bathi izistimu ezenziwa ngendlela ehlakaniphile zibonisa izikhalo ezithile zingxenye ngeminyaka ethile. Ngokwesicwangciso esisha sase-HVAC Technical Institute engu-2023, malunga nezintathu ziphansi zezistimu ezingenalo i-SCV zazinamathuba amakhulu okuguquka kwezingxenye ngama-20%. Leli guquko likhomba ukuthi ukubamba ingxenye kuyisibonelo esihle sokugcina kuqala okufanele kuthathwe uma kuzothakatha izinkinga ezizofika emva.

Ukulungiswa Kwegilazi Nokubonakala Kwengxenye Ngokusebenzisa Imanifold Gauges

Ukuze uthole izivikelo ezihle, nyamela lezi zikhomba ze-manifold ku-zipoti zokuthatha nokusabela ukuze siwuzilise ukuguquka kwezinkinga ngexesha eliqinile. Xa konke kusebenza kanjalo, i-SCVs ezininzi ziya kugcina phakathi kwe-20 ne-25 PSIG yokuqhubeka ngexesha eliqinile njengoko kuchazwa yi-ASHRAE. Manje kufika indawo eqhelekileyo - yenza ngokondla okuphambene nalesi valve actuator uyazibona kakade izikhomba ziquka. Ukuba ziyaphapha okanye zixhentsa phantsi kakhulu, oku kungenxa yokuba kukho into engalunganga ebusweni. I-diaphragm ingaba igqityelile emva kovuku loo msimbi, okanye kunjalo kungekhala elithile elingekhathalwa kubonakala kuxhentshwa ngendlela efanelekileyo.

Ukusebenzisa Ukuguquka Kwezinkciyo Ukuhlolisa Ukunyanzelwa Kwesiqupe

Ukuze uhlole ukuthi konke kusebenza kanjalo emshinelweni wokulahla, izikhangeli zombini zihlola ubuncane besibindi sokulahla ngaphansi kwebala lokubuyela. Baholela ikhanda le-infrared yona le nto. Uma izimo kusebenza kakade imodi yokulahla, izinhlelo eziningi kumele zibonise ubunzima obuhlatshelwe phansi phakathi kwe-14 ne-22 degrees Fahrenheit phakathi kwebilili. Uma ingcobo ivalela kakhulu kule ndawo epholile—umbala omuhle ungaphezu kwe-30% ngezindaba zombili—kunjalo okuthetha ukuthi kukhona into engalungile ngendlela refrigerant ichazwa ngayo kumgudu. Lokhu kuyizilingo kakhulu ngenca yesiqondo esisha sezinhlelo enamathe eguquguqukayo njengoba lezi zinhlelo zilandelayo kakhulu ekusakazeleni kwamathambo akwenzekayo ukuqinisekisa ukusebenza kwempilo.

Iindlela Zokuchaza Amathambo Okulunga Sokungeniswa Ngemvume Yomda

Ukuze kubukeke ukuthi izivivane zihandlenjani ngezimo ezinengqondo, izisebenzi zokulungisa ziqhubeka ngokunqamula izikhawulo zomthwalo futhi bavuse izophazanyiswa. Izivivane esebenza kahle eziphathelene nesithwala (SCVs) kumele sibeke isiphazanyiso sokudonsa kwireyisithili kusuku olukhulu phakathi kwe-3 kuya ku-5. Uma izikhathi zokuphendula ziyehluka kune-8, lokhu kungenxa yokuba kunezinkinga nezinye izinto ezingcono kanye nezinkinga zezigalelo ezingena kahle. Abasebenzi abaningi abanenkonzo banelinganiselwa ukuthatha izivivino ezahlukene zomthwalo ngoba kunye izinkinga ezingaba yimfihlela uma isistimu isebenza kahle okungaphansi komthwalo wokuqala.

Ukubala Izizathu Ezimbili Zokuhluleka Kwesivivane Somthwalo

Ukudonsa Okungafanelekile Kwisivivane Ngokungabi Kwezilayini Okungaqashelwa Nama-Filters Angahleliwe

Uma izilayini zerefrigerant zihlinzwe noma iifiltari ziphakamiseka, kuthintela i-SCV ngaphandle koko akhiwe ngayo, okusondela ukuphila kwakhe. Ngokwemfundo yase-ASHRAE yesi-2023, malunga nezintathu ezine kunye zezilungiso eziphumelelayo kwizivalo zithile zisenzeka ngoba ubunzima bokulahlwa buhlela phantsi kwezintathu kunye namashumi ayisishiyagalombili kubunzima obuchazwe ngabakhwenkwezi. Xa kujonge indawo apho le miba ihlala iqala kuyo, inyaniso yezinye izilungiso isuka kwi-filter driers emanzini angama-80 ngalinye kumazibini, ngelixa iindlela ezimbhaxekayo ze-copper zilandelayo ngamashumi amahlanu. Le myalelo engqamene ihlala iqhwapha kakhulu. Okuqhubekayo kukhusuthi kancinane kulahlula umgodi wokusebenza ngokushesha kakhulu kwaye kumaka inkcukacha eyayiphakade, ekuthetha ukuba kuzothinta kakhulu ngaphandle kokuba kufanelekile.

Ukugcwalisa Kuthintela Izililo: Iidebe, Umoya, nokungcola Kwesiya

Isikhwama esinehlwempu sisizathu esiphakeme kakhulu sokuhlulwa kwe-SCV, sibala ngemipha 35% (I-Journal ye-HVAC engu-2022). Izilucu zihlanya izimo ezihlukileyo zokuhlulwa:

Noma izinqkithi ezincane—njengalisoni-0.01 yezinto eziphazanyayo ngaligalon yomthwalo wokulibala—kungathintela ubudala bomlilo ngamaphesheya, ngokwemfundo yesiviko se-2022 sokuthinta kwezimphakatsi.

Ukulahlekelwa kwezinkawu zangaphakathi nezinhlelo ezinezixhobo

Amakhili asekhaya akhulula phambi kuka-300–500 ngezinye izinsuku, okukhuthaza ukulahlekelwa okuphandene kwezinkawu nezigubhu. Uhloloho lwesikhwama se-2023 lwalibonisa ukuthi i-78% yezivalo ezahlile zazinezinkawu ezinendawo enzima enkulu kunasoni-0.04. Ukulahlekwa kuhlanza emathathu amaqondo:

1. Ukuhlahleka kwesihlangothini ngokungcwele kwegazi elibala (Iminyaka engu-1–3)
2. Ukuqina komfanekiso ngokuguquka kwesithunzi (Iminyaka engu-4–7)
3. Ukuvalwa komthe ntho nokuhluka (Ngonyaka oyesithupha futhi)

Ukulandela izimvo zikaASHRAE Guideline 180-2022 yokuphila kungasiza ekukhuliseni ukulahlekwa ngamaphesheya angu-62%, okugcinza ubude bomlilo womlilo.

Lapho Kufanele Ufake Umsebenzi Othuliweyo Ngokulungisa Izivalo Zokuthatha

Ukuqonda izimpawu ezidinga umsebenzi wosizo

Ukubophezela kwehawa engaqondene, ukusabela okusheshayo kakhulu (ngaphezu kwezikhathi ezintathu ngosuku), noma izindleko zokukhazimholana ezingekelanga ephindwe kabili kanye ne-30% zihlukanisa ukugcina kwe-SCV. Uma isistimu ihlinza iyashut down ngaphandle kokulungiswa kweziphumo, kudingeka ukuhlola ngabaprofeshini ukuze kugcinwe ukuchithakala - ikakhulu kumotishi.

Izimanje zokuhlola ngabaprofeshini nokuphatha okuhle

Abasebenzi ababethuliwe bakhuselekelela emanjoli enombolo kunye nemvavanyo yomthwalo wokufa kuyakwazi ukuthatha utshintsho lwesiphazamiso phansi kuye ku-0.5 PSI, okuqukethe okuninzi kwezixhobo ezibalayo ezenziwa yiyo xa kufaneleke ukulinganisa. Ngazo zonke iz experience, le mprofeshini zibona iingxaki ezifihlakeleyo njenge-oil ebhaka noma iindlebe encinci ezihlala ziyavalalwa kwizivivinyo ezingenayo. Lo hlola okujulile uyakwazi ukuthi zonke izilungiso ziqhutyelwe ngokuchanekileyo kwiinkcazo zomkhiqizo futhi zibuyise isistimu yonke ekusebenzisa kanjalo.

Imibuzo Evame Ukubuzwa

Umdlalo wokuthinta kwakhe yisiphathalhathi sokuthatha kuze kube yimithambo ye-HVAC yini?

Isiphathalhathi sokuthatha kuze kube yimithambo ye-HVAC sikhuphukela ukulahlwa kwegesi lesilapha ngokushintshana kwezinkinga zokuthatha, ekunikeza izinkinga eziqinileyo ukuze imithambo ibe nemsebenzi efanele.

Ngani na ngikwazi ukubona izinkomba zesisiphathalhathi esihlulekile sokuthatha?

Izinkomba zifaka ukuncipha kokuqina noma kokuqeda, ukubuyala okufutshane kwezinhlangano, ukongenela kwezimali, ukuvula kakhulu, nokulahlwa kwegesi engahambanga ngendlela efanele.

Kungani usizo lwesekeli luthandwa lokulungisa isiphathalhathi sokuthatha?

Abasebenzi abaqinile bafana nezidingo ezilungile ngokusebenzisa izixhobo ezininzi, bethemba ukuthi izilungiso ziyalingana nezimiso zomphathi wezinto futhi zivikela imithambo yokungabi namnyango.